本文以苹果渣为研究对象,利用高压脉冲电场(High Intensity Pulsed Electric Fields,PEF)技术,对苹果渣中果胶进行提取研究。通过单因素试验、正交试验,确定了PEF技术提取苹果渣中果胶的最佳工艺参数为:电场强度为15kV/cm、pH值为3、脉冲数为10、料液比为1:19、温度为62℃。该条件下苹果渣果胶得率最高为14.12%。
通过单因素试验、正交试验,确定乙醇沉淀法的工艺参数为:乙醇溶液的最终浓度62%、溶液的pH值为3.7、静置时间为2.3h、沉淀时乙醇溶液的温度18℃,乙醇沉淀果胶,苹果渣果胶得率最高为15.24%。
通过对比试验,将PEF法、酸提取法、草酸铵法、超声波提取法、微波提取法应用于苹果渣中果胶的提取,得出PEF法是最为有效的提取果胶的方法。同时,对果胶的纯化进行了试验性的研究,主要是脱色处理、脱除蛋白质、脱糖处理。活性炭脱色的工艺参数为:活性炭用量为1.5g/100mL、脱色温度为60℃、脱色时间为20min,在此条件下活性炭脱色透光率为86.4%,果胶的得率为12.7%。TCA法蛋白质的脱除率在60%左右,透析脱糖的脱除率在...
【英文摘要】
Natural pectin is existed in the form of fruit collagen in the plant that doesn’t dissolved in the water. In the citrus peel the content of pectin is up to 10-30%, in the apple pomace is about 15%. The pectin is the natural component of human food at all times. It is allowed to use the pectin as food additives all around the world. It was used as gel、thickener, organizations forming agents, emulsifiers and stabilizers. In the medicine industry, pectin has a good effect on maintaining the natural cont...