旱麦草属Eremopyrum (Ledeb.) Jaub.et Spach 是禾本科小麦族中的一个一年生属。全世界共有8种,我国有4 种,分别为:东方旱麦草E. oriental (l.) Jaub. et Spach、毛穗旱麦草E. distans (C.Koch) Nevski、光穗旱麦草E. bonaepartis (Spreng.) Nevski 和旱麦草E. triticeum (Gaertn.) Nevski,它们仅分布于新疆北部,是准噶尔荒漠中常见的短命植物,具有重要的生态和应用价值。本论文综合运用生殖生物学与种群生态学研究相结合的方法,首次对这四种禾本科短命植物的种子萌发、物候特征、各物候期生物量分配动态、繁育系统、结实特性、种子包装等方面的特性,及其对准噶尔荒漠生态环境的适应机制进行了观测与统计分析。主要结果如下:
1)四种旱麦草的种子萌发均具表型可塑性,主要表现在小穗基部种子休眠期长,同胞种子在相同环境影响下也存在着春、秋萌的差异, 且以秋萌株为主。
2)四种旱麦草的生活周期均较短,其中春萌株仅为65d 左右,秋萌株实际生长期在100d 左右;春萌...
【英文摘要】
Eremopyrum (Ledeb.) Jaub. et Spach is a small genus in tribe Triticeae (Poaceae) with eight species all over the world . In China, there are four species distributed only in the north part of Xinjiang. In Junggar desert, these species are typical ephemeral plants and are of very important ecological and applied value. In this paper, We observed and compared the characteristics of seeds germination, phenology, dynamics of biomass allocation , characteristics of breeding system and patterns of seed-set of the...