In this paper, the author used theories such as stochastic hydrology, response function and systems analyze, built a surface water and groundwater water co-disposition optimization model. And took Xinjiang Yanqi basin as a example, analyzed and studied series of problems which include under the limit of Kaidu river disadvantageous inflow combination, Kaidu river agricultural, zoology water supply, Yanqi basin wel]field building, imgation area crop pattern, etc. In the end, the author got each i...