DNA molecular markers are ideal genetic markers after morphological marker,cytological makers and biochemical markers.The paper briefly introduces the recent advanced DNA molecular makers including RFLPs,RAPD,AFLP,SSR,SNPs,EST,DNA sequence,mtDNA,etc.and the fundamental principes and charactenstics.In addition,the author made a prediction of the application prospect of molecular maker technalogy in respects of fishes' genetic map construction,gene mapping and molecular-maker assistart breeding,etc.