A numerical ensemble-mean approach was employed to solve a nonlinear barotropic model with stochastic basic flows to analyze the nonlinear effects in the formation of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The nonlinear response to external forcing was more similar to the NAO mode than the linear response was, indicating the importance of nonlinearity. With increasing external forcing and enhanced low-frequency anomalies, the effect of nonlinearity increased. Therefore, for strong NAO events, nonlinearity sh...
【英文摘要】
A numerical ensemble-mean approach was employed to solve a nonlinear barotropic model with stochastic basic flows to analyze the nonlinear effects in the formation of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The nonlinear response to external forcing was more similar to the NAO mode than the linear response was, indicating the importance of nonlinearity. With increasing external forcing and enhanced low-frequency anomalies, the effect of nonlinearity increased. Therefore, for strong NAO events, nonlinearity sh...
【基金】
supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 program) (Grant No. 2010CB950400) ;
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Grant Nos. 41030961 and 40805022)
【更新日期】
2011-10-17
【分类号】
P732
【正文快照】
1 Introduction The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is a prominent mode of the general atmospheric circulation in the North- ern Hemisphere during the winter (Walker and Bliss, 1932; Wallace and Gutzler, 1981) and can be considered part of the global-scal