This paper gives a briefly introduces to the situations of the allocation of railway network,railway construction scale and main railway passages in southwest zone,mainly analyses the natural geography,strati- graphic lithology,geolociatl structure,rhegmagnenesis movement,seismic activity and hydrologic geology,al- location law and formation mechanism of earthquake and geological disasters in the zone,and the counter- measures for preventing and decreasing natural disasters,researches and describes the comm...