In this paper the characteristics of activated carbon fiber (ACF) are summarized. Progress made in China in this area is reviewed, in terms of technologies and devices, new-product development, and surface and micro-pore structure studies done in the past three decades. The key technologies and cost control in ACF production are introduced. The novel results show differences from traditional model with roundabout and connecting holes deep in ACF. It is pointed out that ACF's qualities and new applications s...