The chromosome numbers of Rhus verniciflua Stokes and their seven cultivars are reported in this paper. R. verniciflua and six cultivars are diploid, 2n=2x=30 (five cultivars of them are first reported).It is first discovered that there is a natural triploid cultivar in the rich cultivar resources of lacquer tree.Its chromosome number is 2n=3x=45.This important discovery will promote the breeding of lacque rtree, the studies on cytology of R.vernicifluc and the production of raw lacquer.