Iron is essential for DNA synthesis and key metabolic processes in living organisms. The levels of iron in cell must be delicately balanced, as iron loading leads to free radical damage by the Fenton reaction. Iron mal-regulation may be induced by infection and inflammation, the reasons of which need to be studied. A series of iron-regulatory proteins, including iron transporters and soluble mediators have been identified, which have greatly enhanced our understanding of iron metabolism. Hepcidin has ...