Background Hyperuricemia is found in many chronic kidney diseases. It is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular and renal diseases demorstrated by many studies. The excretion of urate/uric acid (UA) is mainly performed by kidney. Therefore, hyperuricemia is susceptible in patients with renal disease. UA is eliminated from the body by kidney through filtering freely by gromerulars, then majority of them is reabsorbed and some of them is secreted again into the lumen, finally only about 10% of the filt...