Rattan belongs to the subfamily Calamoideae of the family Palmae and is an important non-timber forest product in the tropics and sub-tropics. However, historical over-exploitation of rattan has led to a decrease of this natural resource. To meet the domestic demands for rattan materials, plantations have been established widely in Guangdong, Guangxi and Fujian provinces in China. Under most circumstances, seeds for these plantations were highly mixed ones, traditionally collected from natural forests or ot...