Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome (CARS) are the major pathologic processes of infectious or traumatic diseases complicated with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). The overproduction of the inflammatory mediators and the less or overproduction of the anti-inflammatory mediators in MODS can result in the uncontrolled inflammatory response, multiple systemic organ failure (MSOF) and ultimate death. The lung is easy to become a dysfunct...