白芷,为伞形科植物白芷Angelica dahurica (Fisch. ex Hoffm.) Benth. et Hook. f.或杭白芷A. dahurica (Fisch. ex Hoffm.) Benth. et Book. f. var. formosana (Boiss.) Shan et Yuan的干燥根,为一常用中药,用于风寒感冒、鼻渊头痛、风湿痹痛等病,在临床上广泛应用。本课题对白芷的产地变迁、四大商品的栽培历史、品种变化、功能主治变化、采收加工、炮制方法的变化、药材的质量评价及入药部位进行了较详细的本草学考证。发现杭白芷的药用历史最悠久,主产地由历史上的杭州移至现今的磐安、东阳一带。北方的山西、南方的江浙一带为历史上白芷的道地产区,但由于历史的变迁,北方的白芷主产地已由山西一带变为现在的河北、河南,形成现在的祁白芷、禹白芷。白芷的应用,以明代及明以前最为广泛,功效有祛风除湿、行气止痛、止血、消痈散结、托毒排脓、生肌止痛等,清以后白芷的应用范围逐渐缩小,其中止血、解蛇毒等功能已不广泛使用。南北方白芷的采收时间有较大差异,我们认为历代本草记载“八月采根”及“自芷寒犹采”反...
【英文摘要】
Baizhi, which was recorded in shennongbencaojing firstly, is frequently used for treating pain . Herbalogical study on history, variety, function and suitable diseases .collecting time,processing method , quality assessment and officinal part of Baizhi was carried out. We found that Hangbaizhi had the longest history and its yield field had changed. Hangzhou doesn' t produce Baizhi any more. Baizhi had the widest function in the Ming dynast, but its applied scope has become narrow more and more ...