特异性、一致性和稳定性(distinctness,uniformity and stability,DUS)的测试是植物新品种必须具备的特征,也是品种注册和新品种保护的前提。用于DUS测试的主要性状是植物的形态性状及生理特性。这些性状大多是数量性状,受多基因控制,易受环境影响。此外,随着注册品种数量的不断增多,传统的DUS测试耗时又费用昂贵,并难以对新品种与所有已知品种进行有效比较。为克服以上困难,本项研究选择在植物品种DUS测试和品种鉴定研究中应用得最为广泛的分子标记——微卫星标记,分析了我国主栽水稻品种的遗传一致性、多样性和遗传关系,并构建了我国主栽水稻品种的微卫星数据库,结果如下:
1、应用微卫星标记评估中国主栽水稻品种的一致性。提出5个微卫星标记组合可供清晰、有效地检测水稻品种内遗传变异,对41个有多个来源的水稻品种SSR测试,结果表明,同一品种名称来源间仍有18个(43.90%)品种存在差异,因此在构建水稻品种微卫星数据库时,必须慎重选择取样来源。为准确评估我国水稻主栽品种的一致性,选择了11个代表性水稻品种或杂交稻组合亲本作较大样本分析(50个单株),每个微卫星标记检测...
【英文摘要】
DUS criteria are used world-wide for the granting of Plant Breeders' Rights (PBR) and variety registration. The tests are mainly based on morphological and physiological markers. Many of the characters are multi-genic, quantitative or continuous characters and their expression can be altered by environmental factors. Furthermore, because the number of registered varieties increases over time, the traditional method of DUS testing is time-consuming and expensive, and it is impossible to check efficiently eac...