The mechanism of the ultrasonic vibration precision abrasive belt grinding was introduced.Based on the contrast experiments of grinding 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel by ultrasonic vibration precision belt grinding and general belt grinding,the role of the ultrasonic vibration on the grinding processes was understand and it is proved that the ultrasonic vibration precision belt grinding is an effective method to grind the stainless steel and other difficult-to-machine materials.