Larix Chinensis Beissn, which is endemice species, only distributes the zone from 2600 to 3500m altitude in Mt. Qinling, Shaanxi Province of China. This thesis mainly deals with Larix Chinensis in two aspects. One is macrocosmic ecology about the diversity of the population, the community and the landscape, and the other is the molecular ecology about the genetic diversity analysis of intrapopulations and interpopulations, with special emphasis on the cause of endangered state and conservation strategy of t...