【作者】 同号文； 刘金毅；

【Author】 TONG Haowen LIU Jinyi (Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences.100044 Beijing)

【机构】 中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所；

【摘要】 过去,第四纪化石点中出现的绝灭属种所占整个动物群的比例一直被作为判断动物群时代的主要参照指标之一。但近些年的发现和研究表明,绝灭属种的百分比这一指标存在不少问题。首先是随着测年技术的进步,新的测年结果表明,过去认为的是在更新世末期绝灭的属种中有不少都延续到了全新世,例如最后斑鬣狗、猛犸象、剑齿象、巨貘、披毛犀、大角鹿和原始牛等。此外,关于更新世的不少绝灭种与现生种的关系问题也是影响判断绝灭属种百分比这一指标的主要因素。有不少绝灭种与现生种的关系还有待进一步研究,例如硕猕猴与普通猕猴、变异仓鼠与大仓鼠、江山豪猪与中国豪猪、变异狼与现代狼、李氏野猪与现生野猪、葛氏斑鹿与梅花鹿及白唇鹿等。更多还原

【Abstract】 The newly discovered Tianyuan Cave is a locality which bears human fossils,thegeologic age of which is 25.3±1.5ka B.P.based on the dating using the U-series methodon deer tooth.In chronology,Tianyuan Cave is a kate Pleistocene locality.But the featureof the fauna is almost composed of extant forms of species.Except one broken tooth ofCrocuta,there is almost no extinct species were identified up to now.On the contrary,in some Holocene localities,extinct species were discovered.Therecent discoveries in the past decades revealed that in China,many Late Pleistocene largemammals survived into Holocene as in other parts of Eurasia,such as Crocuta ultima,Stegodon orientalis,Mammuthus primigenius,Megatapirus augustus,Coelodontaantiquitatis and Bos primigenius.In the past,all these species mentioned above werethought to be extinct during the end-Pleistocene event.Based on the foregoing evidences,it can be concluded that the percentage of extinctforms in a fauna cannot always be a reliable index to estimate the geologic age of the fauna.更多还原