节点文献
覆盖旱作水稻的产量效应及氮肥利用率
Response of Rice Yield and N Use Efficiency to Ground Covering Upland Condition
【Author】 Fang Liu, Xiaolin Fan, Tianar .Li, Qiang Wang(Research Lab of Fenilizer and Balanced Fertilization, College of ural Resources and Environmental Science, South China Agriculture University, Wushan. Guangzhou 510642, P.R.China)
【机构】 华南农业大学资源与环境学院;
【摘要】 田间条件下通过与常规水稻对比研究了地膜覆盖、稻草覆盖与裸地等旱作处理对水稻生长发育及氮肥利用率的效应。结果表明,常规水稻、地膜覆盖水稻的最大生物量出现在收获期前15天,裸地处理的出现在收获前30天,而地表覆盖稻草处理的出现存收获期。收获期各处理的生物量大小顺序为,地膜覆盖>稻草覆盖>常规水稻>裸地。水稻一生,各个生育期植株含氮量的大小依次为产规水稻>地膜覆盖水稻>稻草覆盖水稻>裸地。地膜覆盖旱作水稻(T12)的分蘖数在整个生育期均明显大于常规水稻其他旱作处理,覆盖旱作水稻的最大分蘖数可高达达24.625,而水田处理仅为18.375。常规水稻前期LAI明显大于旱作,旱作中后期的LAI不仅大于常规水稻的LAI,而且从孕穗到灌浆期,可维持较高的LAI。结果还表明,无论何种处理,对水稻经济产量贡献贡献最大的是有效穗数。覆膜旱作水稻减产的直接原因是经济系数低,而不是生物量小。覆盖旱作处理能明显提高水稻的氮效率比(NER),和氮素利用率(NUE),然而,水田的氮肥利用率却显著大于旱作水稻的氮肥利用率。但是在旱作中,地表覆盖处理能明显增加水稻的氮肥利用率,T12和T13的氮肥利用率分别是T14的的2.65和1.76倍。
【Abstract】 Field experimentation was employed to investigatic- influence of ground covering upland production system on rice yield and N use efficiency. The mult indicated that the maximum biomass yield of normal waterlog rice and plastic film covering rice . oserved 15 days before harvest, and that of rice without covering, being bare soil treatment, 30 dayroefore harvest. However, the maximum biomass of rice under straw covering was appeared at harest. The biomass yield of each treatment was in the following order: plastic film coving (T12) >rice .traw covering (T13) > normal waterlog (Til) > bare soil (T14) at harvest in the study. The nitrgen content of rice for each treatment decreased in order of Til, T12, T13 and T14. The tillers T12 of each growth stage during rice growth were significantly higher than that of the other trea ents. The highest tillers number of T12 and T11 was 24.6 and 18.4 respectively. Leaf area index (LAI) of T11 was remarkably bigger than that of the other treatments before 58 DAT (day after transplanting). Then, LAI of rice under upland condition was significantly greater than that of waterlog rice for a relative longer period. Results showed that fertile tiller number contribute greatly to grain yield for each treatment. The reason why rice grain yield was lower under upland condition was that proportion of grain in total biomass was much lower compared to waterlog rice. Although nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency (NfUE) of T11 was the highest one among the four treatments, nitrogen efficiency ratio (NER) and nitrogen use-efficiency (NUE) of T12, T13 were significantly more than those of T11. However, under upland condition, ground covering with plastic film (T12) and with rice straw (T13) could increase NfUE by 1.65 and 0.76 times compared to T14 separately.
【Key words】 Waterlog rice. Ground covering rice; biomass; grain yield; Nitrogen efficiency;
- 【会议录名称】 第八届全国青年土壤暨第三届全国青年植物营养与肥料科学工作者学术讨论会论文集
- 【会议名称】第八届全国青年土壤暨第三届全国青年植物营养与肥料科学工作者学术讨论会
- 【会议时间】2002-11
- 【会议地点】中国福州
- 【分类号】S511.6
- 【主办单位】福建农林大学资源与环境学院、福建省农科院土肥所、福建省农科院生态农业研究中心、福建省农业厅土肥站、福建省超大现代农业科技研究所、福建师范大学地理科学学院