【摘要】 为探讨符合生物力学原理的股骨颈骨折的固定方法,为临床应用提供理论基础。用7具成人新鲜股骨上段标本,制成内收型股骨颈头颈型骨折。随机分成4组,A组用2孔动力髋螺钉(danamic hip screw DHS)固定,B组用3枚空心加压螺钉固定(cannulated compression screw CCS),C组用三翼钉(Smith-petersennailSPN)固定,D组为正常原始骨组(Intact bone IB)。用完整的生物力学实验测定各种固定方法在不同载荷下的载荷-应变值,头下沉位移和偏轴位移,股骨的轴向刚度和扭转刚度,以及应力遮挡率。结果表明,A组的主要生物力学指标如股骨颈张力侧、压力侧载荷-应变值,股骨头水平及下沉载荷-位移曲线,股骨的轴向刚度及应力遮挡率均优于B组和C组。差异有显著性(P<0.01)。而股骨的扭转刚度测定结果显示,A组和B组无显著差异(P>0.05)。认为2孔动力髋螺钉固定股骨颈骨折更符合生物力学要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to study biomechanical effect of the different fixations of treating femoral-neck fracture and provide a basis for the clinical application, models of adductive femoral-neck fracture were established in 7 fresh adult thighbones and divided into 4 groups: group A (fixed by danamic hip screw, DHS ), group B (fixed by cannulated compression screw, CCS), group C(fixed by smith-petersen nail, SPS),group D(intact bone, IB); The biomechanical parameters such as load-variable, displacement of head seaking and deflexion, rigidity of longitudinal in femur and torsion, the covered ratios of stress were observed respectively and compared. The results showed that group A was significant difference between the group B and group C in the all biomechanical parameters (P<0.01), while there was no significant difference between group B and group C in torsion rigidity of thighbone (P>0.05), suggesting that DHS to treat femoral-neck fracture is more reasonable in biomechanical parameters.更多还原