【摘要】 目的探讨尿液低分子量蛋白β2-微球蛋白(β2-microglobulin,β2-MG)和视黄醇结合蛋白(retinol binding protein,RBP)的变化在慢性职业性镉中毒诊断中的意义及方法评定。方法应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法对职业性镉接触人群(875人)及正常人群(108人)尿中β2-MG和RBP进行检测,用尿肌酐校正,并比较两类人群的校正结果差异。同时对方法的稳定性和可行性进行评估。结果职业性镉接触人群尿中β2-MG、RBP阳性(均>300μg/L)分别为258、215例,阳性率分别为29.4%、24.5%,经肌酐校正阳性(>2.41μmol/mol或>1.25μmol/mol)分别为102、86例,阳性率分别为11.6%、9.8%;正常人群中尿液低分子量蛋白均未见异常增高值,2组均值比较,前者非常显著高于后者(P<0.01)。且经肌酐校正后结果的稳定性明显增加。结论尿液低分子量蛋白的测定,特别是经肌酐校正后所得到的结果对慢性职业性镉中毒的诊断具有重要的临床意义。ELISA方法作为尿液低分子质量蛋白的检测方法之一,可供选择。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective]To explore the significance of β2-microglobulin(β2-MG) and retinol binding protein(RBP) changes in diagnosing chronic occupational cadmium poisoning.[Methods]ELISA was applied to detect urinary β2-MG and RBP among 875 cadmium-exposed people and common people;creatinine(Cr) was used for emendating;the results in the two groups were compared,meanwhile evaluation was made on the stability and feasibility of this method.[Results] The positive rates of β2-MG and RBP among the cadmium-exposed people were 29.4%(258 cases) and 25.4%(215 cases) respectively,that after the emendating with Cr were 11.6%(102 cases) and 9.8%(86 cases) respectively;no abnormal value was found in the urinary low molecular protein among the common population,the difference between the two groups was significant(P<0.01).The stability increased obviously after being emendated with Cr.[Conclusion]The determination of urinary low molecular protein,especially after being emendated with Cr,has important clinical significance for diagnosing chronic occupational cadmium poisoning.ELISA can be taken as a good alternative for the detection.更多还原