【摘要】 目的:比较早发及晚发精神分裂症临床特征和神经心理学特点。方法:早晚发精神分裂症患者各36例,健康对照21例。记录患者的社会人口学、病史特征并评估精神症状,患者及对照完成注意转换测查、划消测验、控制性口语联想测验、色词Stroop测验和威斯康星卡片分类测验。结果:早发及晚发组阳性家族史分别为50%和22%(χ2=5.316,P=0.021),阴性症状评分分别为(19.5±6.4)和(15.0±5.6)(t=10.150,P=0.002),晚发组威斯康星卡片分类测验好于早发组,如首轮转换次数为(53.8±1.7)和(21.2±1.2)(t=3.043,P=0.006)。患者组神经心理测查指标均低于健康对照,如注意测验成绩(23.8±5.1)和(29.4±4.1)(F=10.150,P=0.002),差异均有统计学显著性。结论:早发与晚发精神分裂症归属于同一疾病单元,同质性大于异质性,其差异可能是由于遗传和神经发育因素在两者发病中所占比例不同造成的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objectives:Comparing clinical and neuropsychological characteristics of patients with early onset schizophrenia to that of those with later onset schizophrenia. Methods:72 patients whose age was older than 45, and onset age was older than 45 (late-onset group) or younger than 30 (early-onset group) fulfilled with the ICD-10 criteria for schizophrenia were recruited in the study. Healthy control group included 21 participants. The data of demographic and clinical characteristics are collected. All subjects were assessed with neuropsychological test, including, Cancellation Test, Controlled Oral Word Association Test, Stroop Color and Word Test and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. Results: The patients with late-onset schizophrenia differed from early-onset schizophrenia in terms of positive family history (22% vs. 50%, χ2=5.316,P=0.021), severity of negative symptoms (15±6 vs. 20±6,t=10.150, P=0.002); Patients performed more poorly than the normal controls on most of neuropsychological assessment in this study, for example the data of Tests of Variables of Attention were 24±5 and 29±4 respectively (F=10.150, P=0.002). On first succeed cycle of Wisconsin Card sorting, early onset schizophrenia showed more obvious impairment than those of later onset schizophrenia (53.8±1.7 vs. 21.2±1.2,t=3.043, P=0.006). Conclusion:Both late-onset schizophrenia and early-onset schizophrenia belong to schizophrenia entity in which homogeneity is stronger. The proportion of heredity and neurodevelopment differ in the development of schizophrenia.更多还原