【摘要】 目的:探讨中学生焦虑障碍与认知倾向、D型人格及家庭环境因素的关系。方法:采取横断面调查,对77例中学生焦虑障碍患者和108名健康对照者采用认知倾向问卷(CAOT)、D型人格量表(DS)、家庭环境量表(FES)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)进行评定,并进行相关、回归和路经分析。结果:焦虑障碍组乐观因子分低于对照组(8.1±3.1/12.0±2.1,t=-10.5,P<0.01),且焦虑程度与乐观因子呈负相关(r=-0.57,P<0.01);焦虑障碍组D型人格量表消极情感、社会抑制分高于对照组(14.4±5.2/5.9±4.6,t=11.7,13.1±7.3/8.5±5.5,t=5.0,P<0.01),焦虑程度与消极情感呈正相关(r=0.69,P<0.01);焦虑障碍组家庭亲密度(5.7±2.5)等因子分低于对照组(7.4±1.8,t=-2.7～-5.3,P<0.01),焦虑程度与亲密度呈负相关(r=-0.48,P<0.01)。消极情感、亲密度依次进入焦虑障碍的回归方程(β值=0.56、-0.26),其中消极情感对焦虑障碍产生直接影响作用。结论:中学生焦虑障碍可能是D型人格及家庭环境等多因素影响的结果,D型人格对焦虑的影响值得关注。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To compare the cognitive style, type D personality and family environment of middle school students with anxiety disorder with normal students.Methods:By cross-sectional study, 77 middle school students with anxiety disorder and 108 normal controls were investigated with Cognitive Appraisal Orientation Test (CAOT), Type D Personality Scale (DS), Family Environment Scale (FES), Self Anxiety Scale (SAS) respectively, All variables of two groups were compared, correlation, regression and path analysis were adopted.Results:The scores of anxious patients were lower than those of normal controls in Optimism (8.1±3.1)of CAOT (t=-10.5,P<0.01),and there was significantly negative correlation between anxiety and Optimism (r=-0.57,P<0.01).They had higher score than those of normal controls in Negative Affect (14.4±5.2) and Social Inhibition (13.1±7.3) of DS (t=11.7,t=5.0,P<0.01), and there was significantly positive correlation between anxiety and Negative Affect (r=0.69,P<0.01).They had also lower scores in Cohesion (5.7±2.5)of FES (t=-2.7~-5.3, P<0.01), and there was negative correlation between anxiety and Cohesion (r=-0.48,P<0.01).Regression and Path analysis showed Negative Affect and Cohesion was major predictors, Negative Affect had direct influence on anxiety.Conclusion: Type D personality factors possibly play important role in occurrence of anxiety disorder in middle school students.更多还原