【摘要】 【目的】试图阐明糯玉米籽粒品质主要成分授粉后的变化动态。【方法】以15个糯玉米品种为材料,采用完全区组设计,分析灌浆期籽粒粗淀粉、可溶性糖、蛋白质含量变化规律,及与品尝品质和产量的相关性。【结果】影响品质的主要因子是:外观品质、糯性和柔嫩性。灌浆各时期籽粒粗淀粉、可溶性糖、蛋白质含量的品种间差异显著。籽粒粗淀粉积累呈"S"型增长曲线,符合Richards方程,y=K/(1+Ae-Bx)1/N,粗淀粉积累起始增长势高、活跃增长期长、快增期灌浆速率高有利于籽粒粗淀粉积累。可溶性糖含量随授粉后天数的增加呈下降趋势,下降速率以吐丝后4～12d较快,12～20d渐慢,20～24d又变快,24d后又转慢,到成熟期降至最低值。蛋白质含量与授粉后天数的变化符合方程Y=a×ebx,b绝对值小有利于籽粒蛋白质含量的提高。【结论】授粉后糯玉米不同品种籽粒品质主要成分分别具有一致的变化规律,方程参数值不同体现了籽粒品质成分品种间差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】Dynamic changes of soluble sugar, crude starch and protein contents in waxy corm kernels were detected after pollination with 15 waxy corn hybrids.【Method】The chemical components in kernels during grain filling period and appearance and taste scores were detected, and the correlations among them were also analyzed in a randomized complete block design.【Result】The main factors influencing edible quality were appearance score, viscosity and tenderness. The main quality components (crude starch, soluble sugar and protein) in kernels among hybrids were significantly different at fresh and maturity stages. After pollination, the dynamic changes of crude starch accumulation presented "S-shape" curve, which could be simulated by Richards equation y=K/(1+Ae-Bx)1/N. Higher values of initial grain filling potential, active grain-filling period and increasing rate of stage 2 in the Richards model could result in higher starch contents in kernels. Soluble sugar contents decreased after pollination. The decreasing speed was fast between 4 and 12 d after pollination, slowdown between 12 and 20 d, fast again between 20 and 24 d, slowdown again after 24 d, and continue to the maturity stage. The dynamic changes of protein contents after pollination could be fitted by the equation Y=a×ebx, and higher parameter b higher protein contents in kernels.【Conclusion】 The dynamic changes of crude starch, soluble sugar and protein contents in kernels show the similar trends in the 15 hybrids, respectively. The different values of parameters in these equations could be used to describe the characteristics of different cultivars.更多还原