【摘要】 以人工神经网络理论中的BP、RBF模型为主要建模工具,以内蒙古河套灌区的试一个试验区(沙壕渠试区)为研究实例,对河套灌区节水工程实施后作物生长季(非冻季)的土壤水盐变化状况进行了模拟与预测研究。从预测结果看,2015年,当引水量减少30%时,地下水位有较大幅度下降,夏灌前、夏灌后、秋浇前与封冻前的土壤水分随着灌水量的减少呈下降趋势,而土壤盐分在浅层与中层呈现出不同的结果:0~40 cm土壤盐分呈脱盐趋势,而40~70 cm土壤呈轻度积盐趋势,总体上节水改造工程对灌区浅层土壤盐碱化改善与防治有积极效果,但土壤水分的下降可能会造成土壤某些阶段一定程度的水分亏缺和作物种植结构及灌溉制度的改变。本文对中国北方大型灌区的节水工程改造与规划管理有一定的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on BP and RBF models of artificial neural networks,the simulation and prediction study of soil water and salt regime during crop growing stages of an experimental plot(Shahao Canal Irrigation District) of the Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia is conducted.According to the prediction,the conclusions are drawn as follows: when the total water quantity is reduced by 30%,the groundwater level will have significant decrease in 2015;the soil water moisture will decrease with the irrigated water amount reduction;while the salt concentration will have different changes in the different layers.The salt concentration in the top 0～40 cm layer will decrease,while the salt concentration in the 40～70 cm layer will slightly increase.As a whole,the water-saving reform project will have good effect for improvement of superficial layer soil salinization in the irrigation district.Meanwhile,the decrease in soil moisture possibly results in soil water deficit in some period and changes in cropping pattern and irrigation scheduling.This paper has good guidance effect for water-saving reform planning and management of large-scaled irrigation district in the north of China.更多还原