【摘要】 目的:探讨单亲母亲家庭和单亲父亲家庭的两种不同结构的单亲家庭特征及其儿童心理特征。方法:采用分层整群抽样法,调查了芜湖地区6573例儿童,由家长填写“家庭环境量表”、“中国儿童气质量表”、“Conners父母用量表”、“成人艾森克人格问卷”及自编的一般情况调查表,小学四年级以上的学生填写“少年艾森克人格问卷;”中学生填写“中学生心理健康检测量表”。采用SPSS11.0统计软件对资料进行分析。结果:单亲家庭303例,单亲母亲家庭159例,单亲父亲家庭144例。两组单亲家庭的亲密度、情感表达、成功性、道德宗教观4个因子分有显著性差异。8～12岁儿童的趋避性、中学生的偏执及人际关系紧张、母亲的精神质因子分均有显著性差异。结论:不同结构的单亲家庭的家庭精神环境、母亲的人格特征、儿童的气质特征、初中生的心理健康状况存在着差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: This research aims to explore the characteristics of single parent family and its child.Methods: Sample analysis was adopted for a whole group with different layers.6573 children in Wuhu city were surveyed.Parents were required to fill in the following scales: Family Environment Scale,Chinese Children Temperament Scale,Conners Parent Rating Scale,Adult Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and some general questionnaires.Pupils over the fourth grade were required to fill in Juvenile Eysenck Personality Questionnaire;high school students,High School Students Psychological Health Examining Scale.The materials were analyzed with the SPSS11.0 software.Results: 303 single parent families were investigated in the research,in which single mother families were 159 and single father families 144.Noticeable differences were revealed in terms of cohesion,expressiveness,achievement and moral-religious emphasis between two groups of single parent families.Furthermore,striking differences are found in approach-withdrawal of children aged 8-12,paranoid ideation and tension in interpersonal relations of middle school students and spiritual qualities of mothers.Conclusion: Single parent families with different structures are quite different in family spiritual atmosphere,mother’s personalities,children’s temperament characteristics and the psychological health conditions of junior high school students.更多还原