【摘要】 对秦始皇兵马俑博物馆室内采集的长短期降尘、大气悬浮颗粒物和彩绘漆层进行了SEM-EDX研究,在大气悬浮颗粒、短期和长期降尘中,含硫颗粒的粒径分别为0.9~22.8μm、1.0~29.0μm和1.2~37.7μm,多为石膏与粘土或石英以内部混合的状态存在.降尘中附着型絮状硫酸钙的比例多于大气悬浮颗粒物,显示降尘和大气中二氧化硫发生了累进化学反应.在彩绘漆层表面的坑和裂隙附近观察到原位生长的硫酸钙晶体,显示漆层材料或降尘颗粒物与大气二氧化硫之间的酸化学反应,可能是彩绘漆层表面受侵蚀形成微小坑和裂隙的原因之一.更多还原

【Abstract】 Indoor particle and lacquer pieces were collected in Emperor Qin’s Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses Museum.The SEM-EDX analysis for long-term(LTDF,over 10 a),short-term(STDF,～0.5 a) dust fall,suspended atmospheric particles(SPM),and lacquer pieces(LP) were preformed.The diameters of S-containing SPM,STDF,and LTDF ranged 0.9～22.8μm,1.0～29.0μm,1.2～37.7μm, respectively.Those impure S-containing particles were mostly gypsum with an internally mixed state with clay or quartz.Small floccules of gypsum were much more frequently observed in dust fall than in suspended particles,which implied a progressive chemical reaction between continuous dust fall and atmospheric sulfur dioxide.Crystals of calcium sulfate were also found in-situ growing near pits and cracks on the surface of lacquer pieces,which reveals that acid chemical reaction between sulfur dioxide and lacquer material or dust fall particles was one of the reasons of the formation of erosion pits and cracks on the surface of lacquer pieces.更多还原