【摘要】 利用不同火源对20种西藏古建筑中典型装饰织物和4种纯涤、纯棉和涤棉织物进行了燃烧试验,研究了其燃烧行为;利用极限氧指数(limiting oxygen index,LOI)和垂直燃烧(vertical burning,VB)方法对这20种织物的燃烧性能进行了测试,判定了燃烧级别,分析了材质的影响,并对4种纯涤、纯棉和涤棉织物分别在拉萨和合肥同期进行了LOI和VB对比测试,探讨西藏高原环境对装饰织物燃烧性能的影响;利用锥形量热标准化测试研究了部分代表性织物的对火反应特性,分析了材质、厚度等织物属性的影响.结果表明,西藏古建筑内大部分装饰织物为易燃可燃物(LOI≤20),材质以丝质天然纤维和纤维素纤维为主,遇火后即发生复杂明火燃烧现象;西藏低氧低压条件已能充分支持织物的实尺度燃烧,虽织物燃烧速率降低,燃烧时间加长,但局部燃烧加剧,火焰体积加大,具有较大的火灾危险性;纤维素织物热释放速率普遍高于以动物毛绒或丝质材料为主体成分的织物,且织物厚度越大、组织越致密、结构越复杂,热释放速率往往越大.更多还原

【Abstract】 Self-designed burning tests were performed on 20 typical decorative textiles sampled from ancient Tibetan buildings and four purchased textiles made from polyester,cotton and T/C to learn about individual burning behaviors.The limiting oxygen index(LOI) and vertical burning(VB) tests were conducted on the 20 textiles to learn their burning ratings and the effects of materials on combustion properties.Comparative LOI and VB tests were performed on the four textiles in Lhasa and Hefei in the same period to explore how the Tibetan Plateau environment affects the combustion properties of textiles.The cone calorimeter test was applied to study the reaction-to-fire properties of some textiles and the effects of textile properties like material and thickness.Results show that most of the Tibetan decorative textiles are flammable and combustible with LOI values lower than 20 and mainly made from natural silk and cellulose fibers.They burn flamingly when exposed to fire sources and show complex burning behaviors.The low oxygen and low pressure condition can fully sustain the real-scale burning of textiles in更多还原