【摘要】 急性呼吸窘迫综合征(acute respiratory distress,ARDS)是指由心源性以外的各种肺内、外致病因素所导致的急性、进行性缺氧性呼吸衰竭,肺内、外致病因素分别引起肺源性和肺外源性ARDS,其特征性病理表现为肺泡内液体渗出和透明膜形成,导致广泛肺泡实变。本病初期的胸片检查可见边界模糊的磨玻璃影,随病情进展则出现弥漫性、密度均匀的大片实变影;CT扫描可显示病变从头向足以及从腹向背两个方向上形成的密度递增征象,仰卧位时,腹侧肺野透亮度接近正常,而实变影位于背侧脊柱两旁,中间区域则呈现磨玻璃样改变。更多还原

【Abstract】 Acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)is non-cardiogenic,acute,progressive hypoxic respiratory failure.It is a nonspecific response of the lung to injury that can occur after a pulmona- ry or extrapulmonary insult.The histologic change of this disease consists of wide-spread exudation and hyaline membrane formation in alveoli,which results in alveolar consolidation extensively.At the outset of ARDS,there are ground-glass opacities in chest films.The diffusing and homogeneous consolidation ap- pears with the progress of ARDS;From CT scans,the craniocaudal and sternovertebral density gradients can be found.The ventral part of lung is normal,and consolidations tend to distribute in the dorsal part of lung beside the vertebra.In addition,the middle part is displayed as ground-glass opacities.更多还原