【摘要】 黄土中碳酸盐与气候环境密切相关。从碳酸盐的成因看,干冷的气候利于原生碳酸盐的保存,而温湿的气候使大量的次生碳酸盐产生。碳酸盐的存在形式与降水量多少有关,降水量大可形成结核层和钙板等,而降水量小则形成各种胶膜。胶膜中各种不同形态的方解石胶膜又可反映不同的气候条件。黄土-古土壤中形成的碳酸盐实际上在古土壤期形成的碳酸盐要高于黄土期形成的,只是由于古土壤期强烈的风化淋溶作用,大量的碳酸盐从古土壤中淀积到下伏的黄土层中。黄土中CaCO3的淀积可分为连续淀积和不连续淀积两类。依据淀积深度和降水量的关系,可建立二者定量的关系。从黄土碳酸盐的不同方面,得到其与气候环境关系较为全面的认识。更多还原

【Abstract】 Carbonate is one of the main ingredients in loess, and it has close relationship with climate and enviroment. Carbonate has two types of original carbonate, which is kept in cold and dry climate, and secondary carbonate, which is formated in warm and humid climate. The form of carbonate is related to the amount of the precipitation. Calcium nodular, calcium horizon and calcrete are formed during the high precipitation, while various carbonate cutans are formed in lower precipitation. Actually, carbonate formed in paleosol is higher than that in loess. Only because of heavy weathering and leaching, so much carbonate is illuviated into the underlying loess, making the carbonate content in loess higher than that in paleosol. In loess CaCO3’s illuviation is divided into continous illuviation and discontinuou illuviation. The relationship of the amount of precipitation and the depth of illuviation is: y=305.7x+168.5 (y is the annual precipitation, x is the depth of illuviation).更多还原