【摘要】 [目的]探讨5岁以下儿童意外伤害的相关因素及其有效的干预措施。[方法]对2002年1月～2006年8月我院收治的562例5岁以下意外伤害病例的临床资料进行统计分析。[结果]5岁以下小儿意外伤害集中在2～5岁之间,占全部病例的70.64%。男童比女童发生率较高,分别为51.96%、48.04%。排在前3位的致伤原因依次是烧(烫)伤、跌(摔)伤和锐器伤,分别占19.04%、16.55%和14.41,且3种致伤类型发生率均随年龄增长逐渐下降;而溺水、交通意外和爆炸伤发生率均在2岁以后随年龄增长越来越高。区域比较,农村乡镇略高于市县城区,分别为52.14%、47.86%。[结论]5岁以下儿童意外伤害与小儿自身生理心理特点有关,家庭是意外伤害最易发生的场所,加强看护及其他预防、处理措施可以减少发生率,降低致残致死率。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective]To explore the related factors of accidental injury for children aged below 5 and the effective intervention measures.[Methods]The clinical data of 562 cases of children below 5 years old with accidental injury admitted in our hospital from January,2002 to August,2006 were analyzed statistically.[Results]The majority of children below 5 years old with accidental injury were children aged from 2 to 5,which accounted for 70.64% of all cases.The incidence rate of boys and girls was 51.96%,48.04% respectively,and that of boys was higher than girls.The three leading injuries were burn or empyrosis(19.04%),falling injury(16.55%)and sharp instrument injury(14.41%),whose incidence rate decreased with the increase of age.While the incidence rates of injuries caused by drowning,traffic accidents and explosion increased with the age after 2 years old.Considering area,rural areas had a slightly higher incidence rate of accidental injuries(52.14%)than cities(47.86%).[Conclusions]Accidental injuries for children less than 5 years old are associated with their physiologic and psychological features.Accidental injuries are most likely to happen in the house,so daily care and other prevention measures should be intensified to decrease the incidence rates of injuries,and reduce disability rate and lethality rate.更多还原