【摘要】 [目的]比较不同植物的杀螺效果,为研制高效低毒植物杀螺剂提供依据。[方法]室温(25±1)℃条件下将5种药用植物以水浸法进行杀螺实验,并设清水对照作比较。[结果]5种植物具有不同的杀螺效果,其中博洛回、一把伞南星和松风草具有很强的杀螺效果,1.0%浓度的博洛回茎和叶处理72h后,钉螺死亡率分别为100.0%和96.7%,一把伞南星块茎和叶处理72h后的钉螺死亡率分别为100.0%和90.0%,松风草茎叶的钉螺致死率为96.7%;最弱为鱼腥草,死亡率为36.7%。博落回茎和一把伞南星块茎48h的半致死浓度LC50为0.11%和LC500.107%,90.0%致死浓度LC90为2.41%和0.716%。[结论]博洛回、一把伞南星和松风草具有较强的杀螺效果,且博洛回茎和一把伞南星的块茎部位的杀螺效果最强。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective]To observe the molluscicidal effect of 5 officinal plants against snails Oncomlania hupensis and to screen a kind of plant which is low poisonous for living creature but has high molluscicidal effect.[Methods]The experiment of killing oncomlania hupensis with the water extracts of 5 officinal plants was investigated in greenhouse.[Results]Different molluscicidal effects against snails were found after treatment with the water extracts of 5 plants. The molluscicidal activities of the water extracts of three plants(Arisaema erubescens,Macleaya cordata and Boenninghausenia albiflora)were higher in killing snails than those of two other plants(Houttuynia cordata and Pinellia cordata). After treatments with 1% concentration of water extracts for 72h,the mortality of snails was 100% and 96.7% for stems and leaves of M. cordata,100% and 90% for tubers and leaves of A. erubescens,96.7% for B. albiflora and 86.7% for P. cordata. The death rate of snails treated with 1% of leaf of H. cordata was lowest(36.7%)in the five officinal plants. The stems of M. cordata and the tuber of A. erubescens were more power in killing snails than other organs of the two plants. The plants tested with A. erubescens and M. cordata were the most promising from the molluscicidal point of view with 48h LC50 values(0.11% for A. erubescens,0.107% for M. cordata)in the range 0.1%-1.0%.[Conclusions]M. cordata and A. erubescens in 5 officinal plants are greatly potential as molluscicidal plants against snails and the stems of M. cordata and the tuber of A. erubescens are more effective in killing snails than other organs of the two plants.更多还原