【摘要】 目的:对江西省8所大学部分学生主观幸福感进行调查分析,为进一步开展大学生心理健康教育工作提供依据。方法:于2005-10-20/11-30运用主观幸福感量表、青少年生活事件量表、领悟社会支持量表、内在-外在心理控制源量表对江西省8所大学的1348名大学生进行抽样调查。其中主观幸福感量表分数越高,幸福感越高。内在-外在心理控制源量表得分越低,越倾向内控,得分越高,越倾向外控。结果:共发放问卷1348份,收回有效问卷1231份,其中男生539名,女生692名,大一学生421名,大二学生390名,大三学生420名,城市452名,农村779名,平均年龄20.4岁。①男生主观幸福感的得分略低于女生的得分,但差异没有显著性(25.97±5.80,26.61±5.03,t=0.309,P>0.05)。②大一学生主观幸福感评分为26.97±4.61,大二学生为25.35±6.37,大三学生为25.92±5.75,3个年级之间的主观幸福感评分比较差异无显著性(F=2.769,P>0.05),两两比较发现,大一学生主观幸福感的得分显著高于大三学生(P<0.05)。③家庭经济收入低的大学生(家庭人均年收入≤2000元)主观幸福感评分显著低于普通大学生(21.58±3.97,26.30±5.43,t=3.015,P<0.01)。④生活事件与主观幸福感存在显著性负相关(r=-0.289,P<0.01),社会支持与主观幸福感存在显著性正相关(r=0.384,P<0.01)。生活事件、社会支持分别对主观幸福感的回归分析发现,生活事件、社会支持分别解释了主观幸福感变异的7.2%,11.7%。⑤按照控制感量表得分把分数由高到低进行排序,把分数处于最低点的30%的学生作为内控组的学生,分数处于最高点的30%的学生作为外控组的学生。内控组大学生的主观幸福感得分显著高于外控组(27.29±5.86,21.83±7.03,t=5.359,P<0.01)。结论:高年级学生、低收入家庭的学生幸福感水平低,负性生活事件能降低大学生的主观幸福感,而较多社会支持会产生较高的主观幸福感。更多还原

【Abstract】 AIM:To investigate the subjective well-being (SWB) of partial college students from Jiangxi Province,so as to provide basis for further development of psychological health education of college students. METHODS:1 348 students selected between 20th October and 30th November 2005 from 8 universities in Jiangxi Province by sampling were tested with the International College Survey Questionnaire,Life Events Scale,Social Support Scale,and Internal-External Locus of Control Scale. The lower the score of Internal-External Locus of Control Scale was,the more internal-controlling the student was,and the higher the score was,the more external-controlling the student was. RESULTS:1 348 questionnaires were handed out,and 1 231 effective ones were recollected,including 539 males and 692 females,421 students in grade one,390 in grade two,420 in grade three,452 from city and 779 from countryside with an average age of 20.4 years old. ① The SWB scores of male students were much lower than those of female students,but the differences were not significant (25.97±5.80,26.61±5.03,t =0.309,P > 0.05). ② The SWB score of students in grade 1 was 26.97 4.61,which was 25.35 6.37 for students in grade 2,and was 25.92 5.75 for students in grade 3,and there was no obvious difference among students of 3 grades (F =2.769,P > 0.05). Comparison between each two showed that the SWB score of students of grade 1 was greatly higher than that of grade 3 (P < 0.05). ③ The SWB score was lower in students with low family income (per capita annual income of the family ≤ 2000 Yuan) than that of students with ordinary family (21.58±3.97,26.30±5.43,t =3.015,P < 0.01). ④ The SWB score was negatively related with the life events (r=-0.289,P < 0.01),and was positively related with the social support (r=0.384,P < 0.01). The regression analysis suggested that the life events and social support could explained 7.2% and 11.7% of variations of SWB respectively. ⑤ Students were sorted by the Internal Locus of Control score according to the sequences from high to low,and students in the last 30% were taken as the internal-control group,whereas those in the first 30% were taken as the external-control group. The study showed that the SWB scores of students in the internal-control group were significantly higher than those of students in the external-control group (27.29±5.86,21.83±7.03,t =5.359,P < 0.01). CONCLUSION:Students of high-grade from low-income families have low SWB scores,and the negative life events can reduce the SWB of college students,whereas more social support can boost students’ SWB.更多还原