【摘要】 目的:分析理科大学生网络成瘾与其人格特质的关系。方法:于2005-09/11在上海某高校以班级为单位,对4个理科专业的220名学生进行问卷调查,4个专业分别是数学教育、计算机教育、物理师范和应用心理学。采用大学生因特网成瘾量表、交往焦虑量表、UCLA孤独量表和YG性格测验等4份问卷进行调查。大学生上网情况调查表共有52个题目,5级计分,成瘾诊断标准有耐受性、脱瘾综合症、计划性、控制性、行为特征、危害性、主观认识和行为等7个维度。按1,2,3,4,5记分,即每题填什么数记什么分,然后将各题得分相加得到维度分。判断标准:每题得1～3分转化为0分,4分转化为1分,5分转化为2分。测验每一部分导出分相加。若测验7部分中有3部分以上得分超过4分,则可基本诊断该大学生为因特网成瘾障碍患者。交往焦虑量表包含15个自陈条目,5级计分,总分从15(社交焦虑程度最低)到75(社交焦虑程度最高)。UCLA孤独量表(第3版)包含20个自陈条目,4级计分,总分从20(孤独程度最低)到80(孤独程度最高)。需要补充说明的是,交往焦虑量表是测量独立于行为的社交焦虑,UCLA孤独量表也主要是特质量表,因此这两个量表所测量的都是焦虑和孤独的人格特质而不是状态。YG性格测验问卷包含12个分量表,每个分量表有10个题目,测量一种特质。结果:共发出220份问卷,收回有效问卷211份。①成瘾者和非成瘾者在焦虑和孤独量表上的得分差异没有显著性意义。②成瘾者和非成瘾者在YG性格测验中的抑郁性、循环性、神经质、非合作性和攻击性等特质得分上,差异十分显著[(9.81±4.97),(5.95±5.10)分;(10.81±4.56),(6.78±4.46)分;(9.63±4.72),(6.51±4.67)分;(11.15±4.19),(7.28±4.43)分;(12.41±4.05),(8.69±3.69)分,均P<0.001],自卑感、主观性和细致性等特质得分上差异显著[(9.15±4.51),(6.83±4.49)分;(10.04±3.50),(7.63±4.09)分;(12.67±3.45),(10.26±4.23)分,P<0.01或P<0.05],在一般活动性、思维外向性、支配性和社会外向性等特质得分上两者没有差异。结论:理科大学生的部分人格特质和网络成瘾密切相关。更多还原

【Abstract】 AIM:To explore the correlation between Internet addiction and personality traits of college science students. METHODS:220 college science students majoring in math education,computer education,physics education and applied psychology from some college of Shanghai were investigated from September to November 2005. The college students Internet usage questionnaire,Interaction Anxiousness Scale,UCLA Loneliness Scale and YG Personality Inventory were adopted in this investigation. College students Internet usage questionnaire was composed of 52 items and five points scale,and the dimensionality involved tolerance,withdrawal symptoms,plan,control,character of behavior,endangerment and subjective cognition and behavior. The 1-5 grading system was adopted:The number filled was the scores obtained,and then the dimensional scores were calculated by adding the scores of each item. Identified criteria:1-3 marks turned into 0; 4 marks into 1; 5 marks into 2. The scores of each part were added. The student could be identified as Internet addict if 3 parts of the seven scores more than 4 marks. Interaction Anxiousness Scale concluded 15 items and 5 points scale,the total points ranged from 15 (the lowest degree) to 75 (the highest degree). UCLA Loneliness Scale (the Third Version) consisted of 20 items and four points scale,and the total points ranged from 20 (the lowest degree) to 80 (the highest degree). It was necessary to remark that Interaction Anxiousness Scale was used to detect the anxiousness independent from behavior,and UCLA Loneliness Scale was a trait scale,therefore,the two scales were adopted to measure the personality traits of anxiety and loneliness but state. YG Personality Inventory involved 12 subscales and 120 items to assess one personality trait. RESULTS:220 questionnaires were sent out,and 211 valid ones were retrieved. ①No significant difference was found in anxiousness and loneliness between addicts and non-addicts. ②Significant differences were found in depression,cyclic tendency,nervousness,cooperativeness and aggression in YG Personality Inventory between addicts and non-addicts (9.81±4.97),(5.95±5.10); (10.81±4.56),(6.78±4.46); (9.63±4.72),(6.51±4.67); (11.15±4.19),(7.28±4.43); (12.41±4.05),(8.69±3.69) marks,all P < 0.001; Significant differences were found in inferiority feeling,lack of objectivity and refine (9.15±4.51),(6.83±4.49); (10.04±3.50),(7.63±4.09); (12.67±3.45),(10.26±4.23) marks,P < 0.01 or 0.05; No significant difference was found in general activity,thought extrophy,ascendance and social extrophy. CONCLUSION:Some personality traits of college science students have close relationship with Internet addiction.更多还原