【摘要】 采用去离子水为实验样品,在-30℃低温环境中冷冻,冷冻过程中施加不同强度的静电场干扰,研究静电场对去离子水冰核形成及冰晶生长过程的影响.研究发现,在冷冻过程初期静电场的引入可以诱发冰核形成,导致过冷点升高,但在随后液相到固相的相变过程中,静电场对冰晶生长具有抑制作用.分析认为,在静电场作用下电偶极矩沿电场方向分布的H2O具有最稳定的状态,能量的分布函数具有最大值,这些结果是诱发冰核形成、抑制冰晶生长的原因.更多还原

【Abstract】 The effects of H₂O molecules dipole polarization on ice nucleus formation and ice crystal growing under electrostatic field was investigated.De-ionized water,as a sample,was cooled down below-30 ℃,and exposed to different strength electrostatic fields up to 1.0×10⁵ V/m.It was found that at the primary cooling stage,ice nucleus formation could be induced by electrostatic fields to increase H₂O supper-cooling temperature.Then during the phase transition from liquid to solid,ice crystal growing was suppressed.The analysis indicates that the H₂O whose molecule electrical dipole moment distributing along the direction of electrostatic field gets in the most stable state with the maximum energy distribution function.更多还原