【摘要】 在压力9~21 MPa,温度260~400℃的超临界甲醇条件下,采用管式反应器连续制备了生物柴油,并对不同反应时间、温度、压力及摩尔比对大豆油转化率的影响进行了研究.实验结果表明:较佳的反应条件为醇油摩尔比42∶1,温度400℃,压力15 MPa,时间600 s,此时大豆油的转化率可达到53%.在连续操作条件下反应物的混合状况对酯交换反应及其转化率有重要影响,在甲醇中加入有机共溶剂四氢呋喃可明显提高甲醇与大豆油的互溶性,降低甲醇的临界点,使醇油的混合效果更好,当四氢呋喃与甲醇的摩尔比为0.04∶1和温度为360℃时,大豆油的转化率可由36%提高到75%.更多还原

【Abstract】 At the pressure from 9 MPa to 21 MPa and the temperature from 260 ℃ to 400 ℃,continuous preparation of biodiesel under supercritical methanol condition was actualized,and the effects of different reaction time,temperature,pressure,and molar ratio of methanol to soybean oil on the conversion of soybean oil were investigated.The results show that the optimal reaction conditions are as follows:the molar ratio of methanol to soybean oil,the temperature,the pressure and the reaction time are 42∶1,400 ℃,15 MPa and 600 s,respectively.And under the optimal reaction conditions,the conversion of soybean oil is 53%.At the same time,the reactant mixing state has an important influence on the transesterification and the conversion.Tetrahydrofuran,a co-solvent added to the reaction system,has an beneficial effect on the transesterification and can increase the conversion of soybean oil from 36% to 75% when the temperature is 360 ℃ and the molar ratio of tetrahydrofuran to methanol is 0.04∶1.更多还原