【摘要】 为定量研究产业发展所带来的生态压力,文章运用投入产出法对我国三大产业生态足迹作了详细的计算和分析。结果表明:从产业构成看,第一、二、三产业的生态足迹分别为0.9626hm2·人-1、0.3912hm2·人-1、0.1844hm2·人-1;从生态占用方式看,直接土地占用为1.1242hm2·人-1(占总量的73.1%),其中,第一产业占83.7%,为0.9580hm2·人-1,间接土地占用为0.4140hm2·人-1(占总量的26.9%),其中,第二产业占79.9%,为0.3306hm2·人-1;从环境压力与承载力的现实矛盾看,各产业均需要控制其生态足迹增长,考虑生态足迹对环境造成的影响以及与经济发展的关系,产业结构调整优先顺序依次为第一、二、三产业。研究结果对于我国环境规划管理、产业结构优化及可持续发展有一定的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 For the purpose of quantitative study of ecological pressure from industry economy development, in this paper, the eco-logical footprints of the three major industries of the Chinese economy were calculated and analyzed by input-output approach. Industrial ecological footprints were composed of 0.962 6 hm2.cap-1 of the primary industry, 0.391 2 hm2.cap-1 of the secondary industry and 0.184 4 hm2.cap-1 of the tertiary industry. As for mode of land impropriated, the direct ecological footprints among which the primary industry took up 83.7%, namely 0.9580 hm2.cap-1 occupied 73.1% of the total ecological footprints, namely 1.124 2 hm2·cap-1. The indirect ecological footprints among which the secondary industry took up 79.9%, namely 0.343 3 hm2.cap-1 occupied 26.3% of the totals, namely 0.414 0 hm2·cap-1. Aiming to the practical conflicts between environmental pressure and capacity, each industry needs to control the growth of its ecological footprints. Considering the impact on environment caused by the ecological footprints and the relationship between the ecological footprints and the economic development, the industrial structure should be adjusted by the sequence of the primary, secondary and tertiary industry.更多还原