【摘要】 土壤碳固定是当前有关陆地生态系统碳循环与全球变化的地球表层过程研究的重要优先领域。国际社会对全球农业温室气体减排的需求,驱动着土壤学对土壤固碳容量与潜力、固碳与减排的过程与机理的前沿探索,并越来越呈现为一个独特的土壤学新兴分支学科——固碳土壤学(Soil Science of C Sequestration)。本文围绕固碳土壤学的基本科学问题,回顾了最近10多年来,特别是最近5年来国内外关于土壤固碳研究的主要进展,讨论了固碳土壤学中的核心科学问题是土壤固碳容量与固碳作用的机理,论述了土壤物理保护、碳化学结合与碳化学转化稳定与固碳容量及稳定化的关系,提出了土壤-植物(作物)-微生物相互作用是当前固碳土壤学的前沿领域和深化方向,并结合国内对水稻土固碳的研究进展,提出了固碳土壤学的概念性框架,认为我国亟待加强固碳土壤学研究,深入探索我国农业经营管理特色下土壤固碳容量、过程、机理,丰富和发展农业土壤碳循环理论,并服务于全球变化生物学和国家碳管理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Soil C sequestration has been a research area of increasing significance in study of Earth surface processes and global change.The understanding of capacity,biophysical potential and mechanisms involved in soil C sequestration has been demanded by the assessment of global biophysical potential of GHGs mitigation for the post-Kyoto period.In this paper,the main research achievements in soil C sequestration study are overviewed focusing C capacity and protection mechanisms.While much has been dedicated to the C pools and C sequestration,there is a good number of studies showing that chemical binding,transformation of OC are both involved in C capacity and stabilization as well as the physical protection in coarse particle size fractions.Interaction of soil-plant(crop)-microbes in soil crop system may exert significant role in C sequestration in cropland soils which will become a frontier of C study by holistic approaches in the near future. Finally,a conceptual model of C sequestration of agricultural soils is proposed and suggestions for further study of C sequestration in China are given with emphasis on the processes under interactive effect of land management and crop production trends in the framework of global change biology systems.更多还原