【摘要】 采用样方法对辽宁章古台地区樟子松固沙林采伐迹地撂荒后1~5 a内自然恢复植被组成及多样性特征进行了定位研究,结果表明:采伐迹地自然恢复形成的自然植被群落共有49种植物,分属于26个科,以菊科和乔本科植物最为丰富。1a采伐迹地、2a采伐迹地、3a采伐迹地和5a采伐迹地植物群落的Simpson多样性指数分别为0.681,0.792,0.845和0.870,Shannon-Weiner信息统计指数、Pielou均匀度指数的变化趋势和S im pson优势度指数基本相似。植被总生物量由1.351 t/hm2增加到9.745 t/hm2,撂荒2a时植被系统开始产生枯落物。随着植被恢复时间增加,死地被物生物量从0.824 t/hm2增加到1.403 t/hm2。与采伐前相比,撂荒使采伐迹地土壤表层(0~15 cm)有机质含量和土壤各层的养分含量明显增加。撂荒具有较早归还凋落物和增加土壤养分的能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 The composition of plants and its characteristics of diversity in the process of the natural restoring on clear-cutting forestland of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica plantation on sandy land are studied by means of sample in Zhanggutai sand land of Liaoning province.The results show that there are 49 kinds of plants among the natural plant communities formed by the natural restoring of clear-cutting forestland,and they belong to 26 families,respectively,of which the composite family and the grass family take up the most part of the whole.As for one-year clear-cutting forestland,two-year clear-cutting forestland,three-year clear-cutting forestland and five-year clear-cutting forestland,their Simpson diversity indexes of plant communities are 0.681,0.792,0.845 and 0.870 respectively.The changing trends of the Shannon-Weiner index,the Pielou index and the Simpson index are alike.The total biomass of native vegetative regrowth following fallow increased from 1.351 t/hm2 in the first year to 9.745 t/hm2 in the fifth year.The biomass of regrowth benefited the soil in two ways: Ⅰby litter fall,Ⅱby slashing regrowth biomass.In the second year after fallow,the vegetative began to produce litter on the canopy floor which ranged from 0.824 t/hm2 to 1.403 t/hm2.The concentration of organic matter,N,P,K in 0~15 cm soil layer increased markedly in comparison with that in soil of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica plantation on sandy land prior to clear-cutting.Due to early litter generation and nutrient accumulation produced by native regrowth in this system,fallow played on important role in sustainable management of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica plantation on sandy land.更多还原