【摘要】 目的分析病残儿童中先天畸形种类构成,讨论先天畸形的原因和预防措施。方法将深圳市病残儿医学鉴定小组2002年1月～2006年6月鉴定110例先天畸形患儿分为9种类型,计算各类型构成比,将8种较常见畸形病种按例数排位,畸形类型与病种均标注国际疾病标准编码(ICD-10)。再将每种例数>5例的6种畸形病种分男女组进行构成比比较。结果先天畸形患儿110例中男63例,女47例;9种畸形类型中循环类构成比最高(32.7%),其次为眼/耳/面和颈类(18.2%),肌肉骨骼类(14.5%),神经类(10.9%),唇裂颚裂类、泌尿生殖类(各7.3%),消化类(4.5%),多发畸形类(3.7%),呼吸类(0.9%)。8种常见畸形病种按例数排位,先天性心脏病占首位(37.4%)。6种畸形病种男女患儿构成比比较,肢体畸形女多于男,差异显著(χ2=4.068P<0.05),而先天性心脏病、先天性眼病、脑积水、唇颚裂和外耳道闭锁男女构成比无差异(χ2=0.048,0.486,0.012,1.108,0.137Pa>0.05)。结论先天畸形病残儿以先天性心脏病、肢体畸形和先天性眼病最多见,应重视先天畸形高发病种的防范研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the sort constitution of congenital malformation in sick and disabled children and discuss the causes of teratogenesis and preventive measures.Methods Shenzhen sick and disabled medicine authentication group had appraised 110 children with congenital malformation,which were classified as 9 categories,then calculated their constituent ratio;and most common 8 kinds of congenital malformation were listed case number from many to few,all categories and kinds of diseases were labeled with international classification of di-seases code(ICD-10).In addition,6 kinds of disease with more than 5 cases in each were divided into boy and girl groups,compared by constituent ratio.Results There were 63 boys and 47 girls in 110 congenital malformations,in which circulatory system’s constituent ratio was the highest(32.7%),next for eye/ear/face and neck(18.2%),muskel skeleton(14.5%),nervous system(10.9%),cleft lip and jaw(7.3%),uropoiesis reproduction(7.3%),digestive system(4.5%),multi-malformation(3.7%),respiratory system(0.9%);congenital heart disease was rank the first site in 8 kinds of deformation(37.4%).In 6 common malformation’s the constituent ratio,the girls with limb malformation were more than of the boy,there was significant difference(χ2=4.068 P<0.05),but congenital heart disease,eye anomaly,hydrocephalus,cleft lip/jaw and atresia of the external auditory canal had no statistical significance(χ2=0.048,0.486,0.012,1.108,0.137 Pa>0.05).Conclusions Congenital heart disease,limb malformation and eye anomaly are most common sorts in sick and disabled children with congenital malformation.It is suggested that preventing research on high incidence of congenital malformations is of significance.更多还原