【摘要】 与核遗传转化相同,叶绿体遗传转化研究需要有合适的选择标记作为辅助手段。多种选择标记已经在叶绿体转化中得到应用,但由于叶绿体自身的结构与遗传特点,选择标记的选择与使用与核遗传转化明显不同,所以正确的选择合适的选择标记对于成功的叶绿体遗传转化是非常重要的。目前叶绿体转化中常用的选择标记大多为抗生素选择标记,对人类存在潜在的威胁,如何摆脱对抗生素选择标记的依赖是当前研究的热点。综述了国内外叶绿体转化研究中主要使用的选择标记,并着重介绍了非抗生素选择标记——甜菜碱醛脱氢酶和选择标记的删除体系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Incorporation of a selectable marker gene during chloroplast genetic transformation is essential to obtain transformed chloroplasts, which is the same as nuclear transformation. Although many selective marker genes have been used in chloroplast transformation, it is obviously different from the nuclear transformation because of its specific structure and inheritance. Therefore, selection and utilization of the right selectable marker genes are very important to chloroplast transformation. Since most selectable marker genes in chloroplast transformations are antibiotic resistance genes which might threaten the human beings, it is a hotspot to explore strategies for getting rid of the dependence on antibiotic resistance genes. Progress on selective marker genes of chloroplast genetic transformation is reviewed; especially the antibiotic-free selective marker—betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) and the marker elimination system are discussed.更多还原