【摘要】 土壤是自然界钉螺孳生繁殖的重要场所,钉螺的分布与土壤环境因子密切相关。对山丘区9种不同土地利用类型土壤环境对钉螺分布影响的研究结果表明:耕地、荒草地、河滩地及灌溉沟渠存在钉螺分布,活螺框出现率的高低顺序为耕地>河滩地>灌溉沟渠>荒草地,活螺密度的大小顺序为河滩地>灌溉沟渠>耕地>荒草地;有螺土壤环境与无螺土壤环境的方差分析结果不显著,土壤全K含量与0.02~0.002mm的土壤颗粒含量存在显著差异;土壤环境因子对钉螺分布影响的灰色关联分析表明,0.02~0.002mm的土壤颗粒、土壤全P含量和土壤水分是影响钉螺的最重要的3个因子,且土壤环境因子对钉螺活螺框出现率及活螺密度影响的大小规律基本一致,不同之处在于土壤全K含量对活螺密度的影响更显著。研究结果可为我国山丘区改造钉螺孳生环境、控制血吸虫病流行及发展区域经济提供依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Soil environment is the important space for Oncomelania Snail propagating and its characteristics are closely related to Snail′s distribution in the hilly and mountainous district. Based on arranging rationally transects, plots and sample units in nine different land use types, soil environmental factors, vegetation characteristics and snail distribution patterns have been investigated systematically, and especially, the influences on the snail distribution have been studied which are derived from soil environmental factors. Firstly, among all land use types, snail has been only discovered in cultivated lands, wastelands, beaches and irrigation canal. The living snail frame occurrence rate shows the regularity of cultivated lands>beaches>irrigation canal>wastelands, however, different regularity for living snail density is beaches >irrigation canal>cultivated lands>wastelands. Secondly, the difference between soil factors is not remarkable which one has snail existing and the other has no snail existing through one-way ANOVA, and K element in soil and soil mechanical composition which is less than 0.02-0.002mm have striking difference through multivariate ANOVA. Based on gray incidence analyzing the effect of soil environmental factors on snail distribution, thirdly, three most important factors have be picked out, which are soil mechanical composition that is less than 0.02-0.002mm, P element in soil and soil water content. There have the similar regularity for the importance of soil factors when they affect living snail frame occurrence rate and living snail density respectively except that K element in soil have more greater influences on living snail density than the former. These results could offer some scientific basis for transforming snail propagating environment, preventing schistosomiasis from prevailing and promoting regional economy.更多还原