【摘要】 采用非固定的抽丝方法,从一只未麻醉的悦目金蛛(Argiope amoena)的纺器将拖丝抽出,然后用扫描电镜(SEM)对拖丝进行超微结构的观察,结果表明:悦目金蛛拖丝至少具有2根、3根、4根及多根单丝纤维构成的4种不同结构,其中有一种类似弹簧的结构;另外,丝的表面还出现一种小环结构,这两种结构可能是拖丝纤维具有优良机械性能的原因之一。"束状结构"和"小环结构"在文献中未见报道。拖丝的直径范围为0.25~10.77μm;悦目金蛛似乎能调节拖丝的结构和直径,以适应其所面临的即时环境。本文基于上述观察结果并结合前人的研究,提出了蜘蛛拖丝结构-生物学功能多样性假说,对蜘蛛丝的结构与生物学功能之间的关系作了探讨。更多还原

【Abstract】 The dragline silk from an unanaesthetized spider:Argiope amoena was observed under the scanning electronic microscope(SEM).The results showed that the draglines of A.amoena presented four different morphological structures,i.e.double,three,four filaments and dozens of fibrilliform filaments respectively.Furthermore,a peculiar"s"structure similar to spring and small annulus on the surface of the thread was found.They might contribute to excellent mechanical properties of spider silk.The bunch dragline and small loop had not been reported before.The diameter of the dragline was extremely various from 0.25μm to 10.77μm.It seems that A.amoena spider can adjust the morphological structure and diameter of silk fitted to the immediately particular requirements of individual.We propose a hypothesis that some spiders such as A.amoena can produce the diverse draglines with different morphologies and diameters correlated with corresponding mechanical properties and biological functions conforming to the cost-benefit principle under different natural environments.更多还原