【摘要】 以氯化锌(ZnCl2)和氢氧化钠(NaOH)为原料,通过低温(85°C)陈化的一步合成法制备出了三维(3-D)多脚状ZnO微晶,并对其生长机制进行了初步研究。结果表明,由于该反应体系晶体成核和生长的速度太快,初级粒子(晶核)及次级粒子之间频繁的相互碰撞,聚集生长导致了特殊的3-D结构。乙醇通过破坏晶粒之间的“架桥效应”,阻止晶粒之间的硬团聚,从而抑制了晶粒的聚集生长。以纯水作溶剂时,得到平均粒径约2μm的3-D多脚状ZnO微晶;以乙醇-水混合溶剂作反应介质时,随乙醇含量增加,出现大量未发生聚集生长的次级粒子;而以纯乙醇作溶剂时,得到平均粒径约30nm的单分散椭球状ZnO纳米颗粒。更多还原

【Abstract】 Three dimensional(3-D) multipod ZnO microcrystals have been fabricated by a one-step solution route at an attractive low temperature(85°C),using ZnCl2 and NaOH as starting materials.The formation mechanism of 3-D ZnO microcrystals in solution was preliminarily studied along with the synthesis.Results show that a high collision number of primary particles(nuclei) and/or subunits,due to the very easy nucleation and crystal growth,lead to mutual aggregation of colliding particles in three dimensions.The effect of ethanol is inhibiting the particles from agglomerating by destroying the surface bridging between crystal particles.Uniform 3-D multipod ZnO microcrystals with mean diameter of about 2μm were obtained in pure water.When ethanol-water mixture was used for solvent medium,a large number of small unagglomerated subunits would be unexpectedly found in the final products.And monodispersed ellipsoidal ZnO nanoparticles with mean diameter of about 30nm were obtained in pure ethanol.更多还原