【摘要】 目的探讨环境烟草烟雾暴露对学龄前儿童铅负荷的影响。方法随机整群抽取韶关市4幼儿园426名3～5岁儿童为研究对象,用自拟问卷调查儿童被动吸烟情况,采指端末梢血20ml,原子吸收石墨炉法测定血铅。结果家庭成员在家中吸烟无任何限制者高达90.84%,来访客人是否吸烟同家庭成员是否吸烟密切相关(r=0.7122,P<0.01),70.89%儿童存在被动吸烟暴露。暴露组儿童血铅水平(10.28(2.14)mg/dl及铅中毒流行率(44.04%)显著高于非暴露组(9.51±1.98mg/dl,31.45%)(t=3.5602,χ2=5.786,P<0.05)。儿童铅中毒率随家庭成员吸烟量与时间增加显著升高(P<0.05),被动吸烟对3岁年龄组的影响存在较其他年龄组严重的趋势,多元逐步回归分析显示被动吸烟是铅负荷的危险因素。结论被动吸烟影响学龄前儿童铅负荷,可能年龄越小,越易感和脆弱。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To survey the relationship of passive smoking and blood lead level.Methods The status of passive smoking of 426 preschool children aged 3～5 years were surveyed with self-designed questionnaire and the blood lead level of the children were determined.The results were analyzed.Results The blood lead level and the prevalence rate of lead poisoning were 10.28 and 44.04% in the observation group higher than that in the control group of 9.51mg/dl,31.45%,showing significant differences(P<0.05).The severity of lead poisoning was getting severer along with the increase of cigarette smoking and time of smoking,showing significant difference(P<0.05).The impact of passive smoking on infants younger than three years old in the observation groups tended serious as compared with other age groups.The results of multiple regression analysis showed that passive smoking was the risk factor associated with blood lead levels.Conclusion Passive smoking can affect the blood lead levels of preschool children and the younger the infants is the severe the blood lead poisoning will.更多还原