【摘要】 采用95%乙醇或95%甲醇粗提,乙酸乙酯或二氯甲烷再提,以抑制菌丝生长速率法测定了杧果皮萃取物对水稻纹枯病菌、小麦纹枯病菌和小麦赤霉病菌等10种病原菌的生物活性。结果表明:95%甲醇提取的萃取物比95%乙醇提取的萃取物对病菌的抑制率高,二氯甲烷萃取物又比乙酸乙酯萃取物的抑制率高;丙酮做溶媒比用无菌水做溶媒对病菌的抑制率高,但其本身对某些菌种的生长有一定程度的影响;95%甲醇提取的二氯甲烷萃取物对小麦赤霉病菌的毒力最强,EC50值为0.005741g/mL,95%乙醇提取的乙酸乙酯萃取物对水稻纹枯的毒力最低,EC50值为0.046160g/mL。更多还原

【Abstract】 The peel of unripe mango was extracted by 95% ethanol or 95% methanol and then re-extracted with ethyl acetate or methylene chloride. The extracts from the peel of unripe mango were tested in their antifungal activities against 10 species pathogenic fungi such as Rhizoctonia solani Kühn, Fusarium graminearum Schwabe, Rhizoctonia cerealis van der Hoeven, etc. The results indicated that the 95% methanol extract had higher inhibiting rate than the 95% ethanol extract and that the methylene extract was higher than the ethyl acetate extract in inhibiting fungi. Acetone when used as dissolvent was better than the sterilized water in inhibiting fungal activities, but the acetone also affected the growth of pathogens to some degrees. The methylene chloride extract made by 95% methanol showed the highest toxicity against Fusarium graminearum Schwabe, with its EC50 being 0.005 741 g/mL, and the ethyl acetate extract made by 95% ethanol gave the lowest toxicity against Rhizoctonia solani, with its EC50 being 0.046 16 g/mL.更多还原