【摘要】 城市热岛强度呈周期性和非周期性交叉性时间变化,水平分布呈现单中心式、多中心、条状、辐射状、格网状等多种格局形式,同时具有明显的立体空间分布特征。城市热岛的形成原因及影响因素诸多,主要归纳为人为热量释放、下垫面性质和结构、植被减少、大气污染、城市格局、天气状况等。更多还原

【Abstract】 The intensity of Urban Heat Islands(UHI) changes due to seasonal and non-seasonal characteristics,which can vary slightly from hour to hour and significantly from daytime to nighttime.UHI can exhibit single-center,multi-center,strip,radiation and reticulation horizontal spatial distribution patterns,while vertical spatial distributions are very obvious.Many of the findings regarding relationships between the intensity of the urban heat island and various effects are summarized in this review paper.The main causes are listed as:(1) heating emission from buildings(i.e.commercial and residential heating);(2) absorption and radiation qualities of surface materials(i.e.asphalt,concrete,pavement) and building materials;(3) minimal urban vegetation and subsequent low evapotranspiration rates;(4) atmospheric pollution;(5) urban morphology;(6) variable sensitivity to cloud cover,wind,and local topography.更多还原