【摘要】 冰雹对西藏农牧业的影响仅次于干旱和霜冻,每年因雹灾造成的农业减产,是影响西藏粮食生产稳步发展的重要因素。利用西藏30年有关冰雹资料,对西藏地区的冰雹天气和灾情进行了详尽分析和研究。结果表明:西藏的藏北、藏南各有1个多雹区;各地冰雹具有季节性强、随季节变化迅速、雹日高度集中、以小冰雹(D<0.5cm)为主和降雹持续时间短(<10min)等特点;冰雹造成的危害中部大于东、西部,农区大于牧区。以冰雹的大小和持续时间为主要致灾因子,将西藏高原降雹分为3个灾变等级,并结合冰雹灾情和地表覆被类型,将西藏冰雹的危险性划分为4个等级区域。更多还原

【Abstract】 The influence of hail events on Tibet animal husbandry and agriculture is very serious,only next to that of frost and drought disasters.With the 30 year hail disaster data from meteorological stations over Tibetan plateau,the temporal-spatial distribution characteristics of hail events are analyzed.The results show that hail events were concentrated mainly around the north and south parts of the Tibet;there was obvious seasonal variation;the diameters of hailstones were small;the duration of hail events was short;the hail damage was severer in the central Tibetan Plateau than in the agricultural region.According to the hazard index based on the size of hailstones and the duration of hail events,as well as vegetation type,the hazard regionlization of hail events in the Tibetan Plateau is conducted.更多还原