【摘要】 目的:探讨妇女子宫肌瘤的患病情况及其危险因素。方法:采用分层随机抽样的方法对沈阳地区1260名女性的子宫肌瘤患病状况进行问卷调查,对113例病例采用1∶2配比病例对照研究方法,探讨子宫肌瘤危险因素。结果:子宫肌瘤患病率为8.97%(113/1 260),其中40~49岁组的患病率最高为15.29%(65/425);影响子宫肌瘤发生的危险因素按危险性大小依次为月经紊乱、既往盆腔炎、既往宫颈炎、口服避孕药、既往阴道炎和人工流产史,而月经初潮年龄延迟可能是子宫肌瘤的保护因素。结论:子宫肌瘤发病与月经紊乱、既往盆腔炎、既往宫颈炎、既往阴道炎、口服避孕药和人工流产史有关。有必要针对各种危险因素加强女性健康教育,提高其生殖健康水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 OBJECTIVE:To investigate the prevalence of uterine myomas and the risk factors.METHODS:By using stratified random sampling method,1 260 women were surveyed by questionnaire,and 1∶2 matched case-control study was used to explore the influential factors of uterine myomas.RESULTS: The prevalence of uterine myomas was 8.97%(113/1260),and the group aged from 40 to 49 had the highest morbidity rate,15.29%(65/425).Risk factors of uterine myomas included: menstrual disorder,pelvic inflammatory,cervicitis,oral contraceptive medication,elytritis,and induced abortion,respectively,while delayed menstruation was proved to be a preventive factor.CONCLUSIONS: Uterine myomas seemed to be related to menstrual disorder,pelvic inflammatory,cervicitis,elytritis,and induced abortion.There is a great need for emphasizing culturally acceptable reproductive health education in various kinds of risk factor to improve women’s knowledge about uterine myomas.更多还原