【摘要】 盐基阳离子(Ca2+,Mg2+,K+,Na+)在缓解土壤和水体酸化中起着重要作用。为了满足中国酸沉降控制的需要,该研究利用建立的多层动态Euler模型模拟中国大气Ca2+传输和沉降。结果表明:2000年中国的Ca2+总沉降量为5.29 Mt,其中湿沉降1.45 Mt,干沉降3.84 Mt。人为源排放对全国总沉降、湿沉降和干沉降的贡献率分别为67.1%、92.4%和57.6%,对东南部地区的贡献率更大,而自然源仅对西北地区的沉降起重要作用。中国酸沉降较为严重的东南部地区,Ca2+沉降量普遍大于0.10 kmol.hm-2.a-1,甚至超过0.25 kmol.hm-2.a-1,能够中和大部分的SO42-沉降。更多还原

【Abstract】 Basic cation(Ca2+,Mg2+,K+,and Na+) deposition plays an important role in preventing soil and water acidification,especially in China,where basic cation deposition is commonly much higher than in Europe.The long-range transport and deposition of calcium was estimated using a multi-layer,dynamic Eulerian model.Results show that the total deposition of calcium in China was about 5.29 Mt(with 1.45 Mt as wet deposition and 3.84 Mt as dry deposition),of which anthropogenic sources contributed 67.1%(92.4% as wet deposition and 57.6% as dry deposition).The calci-um emitted from natural sources was mainly deposited in northwest China,while the anthropogenic sources greatly affected deposition in the southeast.The calcium deposition was commonly higher than 0.10 kmol·hm-2·a-1,or even higher than 0.25 kmol·hm-2·a-1 in southeast China,where acid deposition is very high.更多还原