【摘要】 针对矿区土地复垦方案设计问题,该文提出了基于物元特性的规划方案设计方法。在分析物元特性:发散、可扩、相关、共轭的基础上构建了矿区土地复垦的物元模型,该物元模型的特征值包括:自然状况、地质构造、复垦工艺、沉陷状况、开采状况、资金、政策措施以及保护意识。首先根据物元特性,对物元三要素:事物、特征、量值进行物元变换,得到多个物元模型,建立复垦方案集,并依据实测特征量值获得复垦初选方案;进一步建立以土地生产值、生产成本、农民人均增加收入、生态系统稳定性、生物多样性、景观多样性为特征值的物元模型,对初选方案建立关联函数,通过评价初选方案的优化程度获得最终方案。以项目区的冯村沉陷地块复垦为例,介绍了采用物元模型和优化程度评价方法进行矿区土地复垦规划的过程,体现该方法的推演性和逻辑性。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to obtain mining land reclamation scheme reasonably, the matter element model was proposed. Through analyzing the characteristic of matter element including divergence, extension, interrelation and conjugation, the land reclamation matter element model was constructed. The eigenvalues of land reclamation matter element model are nature state, geology structure, reclamation process, mining subsidence state, present mining condition, financing, policy and protection consciousness. The author applied the matter element model to establish scheme collection. Then qualified schemes are selected preliminarily according to the measured value. The following step is establishing another appraisal matter element model, which eigenvalues are land production, cost, farmer per enhancive income, ecosystem stability, biodiversity, landscape diversity. In the appraisal matter element, Shannon index reflects biodiversity and affinity analysis reflects landscape diversity. Through the appraisal matter element model dependent function between preliminarily schemes is set up. Finally, the most excellent one is selected by the optimal appraisal method. Moreover, a design process of land reclamation in Feng Village mining subsidence was introduced. The result shows that the matter element model is extension and logical.更多还原